# Cryogenics

- Institution: CERN
- Department: CAS - CERN Accelerator School
- Speaker: Benjamin Bradu
- Year: 2025
- Level: Graduate
- Language: English
- Subjects: Earth and environment
- Source: [CERN](https://videos.cern.ch/record/3023618)
- Licence: [CERN](https://copyright.web.cern)
- Who can watch: Tweens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words)

The main objective of this CERN Accelerator School course on cryogenics is to give a better understanding about the importance of having an accurate modelling of the interactions between the cryogenics and the high intensity hadron beams at the design stage of superconducting accelerators to avoid operation limitation once the machine is operated. After a summary about the basic cryogenic concepts, the main cryogenic challenges for the superconducting hadron accelerators are introduced and discussed. A focus is made on the beam-induced heat loads produced on the beam screens with their impact on the cryogenic system. It concerns synchrotron radiation, impedance effects and electron clouds phenomena. Then, this course is intended to introduce the possible limitations that can occur between the high intensity hadron beams and the cryogenics, and how these limitations can be anticipated and mitigated. As examples, several use cases are presented at the end using the CERN accelerators that are under operation (LHC), under construction (HL-LHC) and under study (FCC-hh).

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## Lectures

1. [Cryogenics](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/cern/3023618/4b6d23514dee), 58 min (CERN's player)