# Neutron Sources

- Institution: CERN
- Department: CAS - CERN Accelerator School
- Speaker: Mamad Eshraqi
- Year: 2025
- Level: Graduate
- Language: English
- Subjects: Art, architecture and design
- Source: [CERN](https://videos.cern.ch/record/3023598)
- Licence: [CERN](https://copyright.web.cern)
- Who can watch: Tweens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words)

This lecture reviews the evolution of neutron sources from early fission reactors to present-day accelerator-based spallation facilities. The physical principles of neutron production, moderation, and detection are introduced, together with the technological developments that have led to the current generation of high-brightness sources. The characteristics and performance of major facilities—ILL, SINQ, SNS, J-PARC, CSNS, and the European Spallation Source (ESS)—are compared, illustrating progress in target design, moderation concepts, and accelerator capability. Particular emphasis is placed on the ESS, a 5 MW, 2 GeV superconducting proton linac coupled to a rotating tungsten target, designed to deliver the highest long-pulse neutron brightness worldwide. Applications ranging from condensed matter and life sciences to energy research, cultural heritage, and fundamental physics are discussed.

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## Lectures

1. [Neutron Sources](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/cern/3023598/b07a47bc6d15), 58 min (CERN's player)