# Instabilities in Linacs

- Institution: CERN
- Department: CAS - CERN Accelerator School
- Speaker: Massimo Ferrario
- Year: 2024
- Level: Graduate
- Language: English
- Subjects: Physics, Earth and environment
- Source: [CERN](https://videos.cern.ch/record/3022746)
- Licence: [CERN](https://copyright.web.cern)
- Who can watch: Tweens profiles and older (sources give no ratings; placed by Invisible Network from the source's own words)

When a charged particle travels across the vacuum chamber of an accelerator, it induces electromagnetic fields, which are left mainly behind the generating particle. These electromagnetic fields act back on the beam and influence its motion. Such an interaction of the beam with its surroundings results in beam energy losses, alters the shape of the bunches, and shifts the betatron and synchrotron frequencies. At high beam current the fields can even lead to instabilities thus limiting the performance of the accelerator in terms of beam quality and current intensity. We discuss in this lecture the general features of the electromagnetic fields, introducing the concepts of wake fields and giving few simple examples of them in cylindrical geometry. We then show the effect of the wake fields on the dynamics of a beam in a LINAC, dealing in particular with the beam breakup instability and the way to cure it.

0:00:00 Slide 1

0:01:20 Slide 2

0:02:36 Slide 3

0:04:31 Slide 4

0:06:23 Slide 5

0:08:11 Slide 6

0:10:27 Slide 7

0:11:36 Slide 8

0:13:15 Slide 9

0:15:41 Slide 10

0:17:04 Slide 11

0:18:22 Slide 12

0:21:17 Slide 13

0:23:59 Slide 14

0:26:05 Slide 15

0:27:37 Slide 16

0:29:34 Slide 17

0:31:09 Slide 18

0:34:30 Slide 19

0:35:50 Slide 20

0:36:57 Slide 21

0:38:13 Slide 22

0:39:55 Slide 23

0:42:13 Slide 24

0:44:07 Slide 25

0:45:23 Slide 26

0:46:48 Slide 27

0:48:04 Slide 28

0:50:11 Slide 29

## Lectures

1. [Instabilities in Linacs](https://invisiblenetwork.ai/learn/cern/3022746/003443bbf4c3), 54 min (CERN's player)